Solids from cohesionless matter

Mechanical densification of granular matter from a loose material leads to a cohesive solid. Constitutive laws describing this process inherit the formidable problem that granular and dense materials have different mechanical behaviours (nonlinear elastic properties, yield limit, plastic flow and hardening laws), which must both be included in the formulation. New phenomenological elastoplastic constitutive models are presented, which are calibrated on experimental data, numerically implemented and tested. Moreover, a thermoplastic constitutive model capable of describing sintering of a piece after densification is provided.

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